小兴安岭霍吉河钼矿床成矿过程——透岩浆成矿作用     

王泉  刘东舟  郭鸿斌 《地质与资源》2018,27(3):243-250

传统上将小兴安岭霍吉河钼矿床归类为斑岩型钼矿.通过对矿区地质特征的研究,即矿区无斑岩体、矿体围绕隐爆角砾岩呈环状出露、石英细脉-网脉状和浸染状矿石结构、成矿年龄明显晚于赋矿围岩形成时间等,认为该矿床是透岩浆成矿作用的结果.早中生代伊春-延寿花岗岩岩基带上相伴的大型-超大型钼矿是典型的透岩浆成矿作用的产物,是岩基后成矿作用.  相似文献   

江南钨矿带桂林郑富钼白钨矿稀土元素的富集机制及其地质意义     

任康达  张达玉  孟翔  张飞  王静  席晓晨  张泽伟  苏海博 《矿床地质》2022,41(4):859-877

桂林郑钼钨多金属矿床位于江南钨矿带北部,其矿石矿物以富钼白钨矿为主。研究显示,该矿床富钼白钨矿中富集稀土元素。为探究其富集机制,文章对不同世代的富钼白钨矿进行原位LA-ICP-MS微量分析和面扫描分析。结果显示,富钼白钨矿的总稀土元素含量（∑REE）在28.59×10^-6~4863.82×10^-6之间,均值为789.21×10^-6（n=122）,从第一世代（Sch-Ⅰ）28.59×10^-6~1059.18×10^-6（平均值为203.19×10^-6,n=55）→第二世代（Sch-Ⅱ）533.54×10^-6~2536.51×10^-6（平均值=928.79×10^-6,n=30）→第三世代（Sch-Ⅲ）117.21×10^-6~4863.82×10^-6（平均值=1547.13×10^-6;n=37）逐渐增高。从Sch-Ⅰ→Sch-Ⅱ→Sch-Ⅲ,轻重稀土元素比值（LREE/HREE）13.99~143.90（平均值=53.53）→22.38~70.08（平均值=33.74）→7.44~69.86（平均值=27.54）逐渐降低。桂林郑富钼白钨矿形成于高氧逸度、富F的岩浆热液系统,REE主要以Ca²⁺+Mo⁶⁺=REE³⁺+(1-x) Mo⁵⁺+xNb⁵⁺(0≤x≤1）为主导方式进入富钼白钨矿中。成矿流体中Cl降低、F增高、氧逸度降低等是REE进入富钼白钨矿的有利条件。通过对江南钨矿带代表性矽卡岩型矿床综合对比分析显示,富钼白钨矿床相比贫钼白钨矿床具有更高的REE,说明桂林郑矿床富钼白钨矿在后续开采中具有稀土元素的综合利用前景。  相似文献   

江西城门山铜矿床伴生稀散金属矿化特征及其地质意义北大核心CSCD     

高任 《地质与勘探》2022,58(3):514-531

江西城门山铜矿床通过开展深边部找矿勘查,发现其探明的伴生稀散金属资源量达到大型甚至超大型规模,其中碲、铊、镉、硒等稀散金属已综合回收利用,但研究程度还很低。本文收集整理城门山矿床的编录及化验资料,总结该矿床稀散金属的矿化特征和空间分布规律,并探讨稀散金属富集机理和控制因素。结果表明,城门山矿床的稀散元素多倾向于富集在似层状硫化物型矿石中,赋存状态以独立稀散金属矿物和赋存于黄铁矿、黄铜矿和闪锌矿等硫化物晶格为主,具有随金属硫化物总量变化而变化的空间分带特征。矿石中的w(Cd)与w(Zn)具明显的正相关性(R^(2)=0.65),其他稀散元素的含量与Cu多呈弱正相关性。本文提出碲与铊与似层状硫化物矿石密切相关,镉的超常富集主要与锌的成矿作用有关,它们在热液流体萃取、运移、沉淀过程中元素分离相对较少,岩浆结晶分异导致热液流体中铟含量降低,铼主要赋存在辉钼矿中,与幔源物质参与密切相关。同时,还建立了城门山含稀散金属铜矿床的成矿模式。  相似文献   

西藏甲玛矿床磁黄铁矿微量元素特征及其与金富集沉淀的耦合机制          下载免费PDF全文

杨征坤  杨阳  张忠坤  林彬  赫健  张泽斌  高福太  唐晓倩  唐攀  祁婧  李怡萱 《中国地质》2022,49(4):1198-1213

【研究目的】甲玛矿床是西藏冈底斯成矿带最重要的斑岩成矿系统之一,具有斑岩、矽卡岩、角岩、脉状金矿四位一体矿体结构,形成了丰富的矿物种类和多样的金属矿化。其中,磁黄铁矿作为重要的金属矿物之一,其矿物地球化学特征以及与金矿化的耦合关系一直不明确。【研究方法】此次,以甲玛斑岩成矿系统外围和远端的不同产状的磁黄铁矿为研究对象,基于详细的野外地质调查和镜下鉴定,通过激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱分析方法（LAICP-MS）对不同产状的磁黄铁矿开展测点分析和扫描分析,详细揭示其地球化学特征。【研究结果】结果显示,甲玛矿床磁黄铁矿主要富集Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ge、Se,弱富集Pb、Bi、Sb、Te、Ag、As,而Mo、Cd、In、Sn、Ba、W、Au、Tl、Th、U等元素含量较低。其中,矽卡岩中的磁黄铁矿具有较高的Co/Ni比值,能有效揭示其岩浆热液成因,而角岩中磁黄铁矿可能继承了一定的沉积特征。【结论】甲玛矿区磁黄铁矿的Cu、Zn、Pb含量变化特征与矿床空间矿化规律一致。矽卡岩中的块状磁黄铁矿与金矿化关系密切,金主要呈他形、不规则的独立金矿物产于磁黄铁矿的孔隙和粒间。同时,金的富集和沉淀可能与富铋的熔体有关。创新点：磁黄铁矿是甲玛超大型斑岩成矿系统中典型的金属矿物之一,其微区原位分析清晰揭示其微量元素地球化学特征和矿物成因,同时,证实矽卡岩中磁黄铁矿的高品位金与成矿流体中的富铋熔体有关。  相似文献   

Sequence Stratigraphy of the Lower Cretaceous Uraniferous Measures and Mineralization of the Sandstone-hosted Tamusu Large Uranium Deposit, North China     

LIU Bo  SHI Zhiqiang  PENG Yunbiao  ZHANG Pengfei  LI Peng 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(1):167-192

The Bayingobi basin is the Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin in North China in which the Tamusu uranium deposit is located.The ore-target layer of the deposit is the Lower Cretaceous Bayingobi Formation,which developed as a fan deltashallow lacustrine deposit.The distributary channel sand body of the fan delta plain and the underwater distributary channel sand body of the fan delta front formed a favorable uranium reservoir,so the study of sequence stratigraphy is extremely important to understanding the genesis of uranium deposits.On the basis of field investigation and a large number of borehole logs,the high resolution sequence stratigraphy of the Lower Cretaceous is divided and the system tracts of different periods are established.The relationship between deposition,interlayer oxidation and uranium enrichment is discussed.The Lower Cretaceous Bayingobi Formation can be divided into two fourth-order sequences(Sq1 and Sq2).The lower member of the Bayingobi Formation is referred to as Sq1,which is composed of a falling-stage system tract(FSST)on top.On the other hand,the upper member of the Bayingobi Formation is referred to as Sq2,which is composed of a lowstand system tract(LST),transgressive system tract(TST)and highstand system tract(HST).The lowstand system tract forms a favorable stratigraphic structure(mud-sand-mud formation)with the lacustrine mudstone of the overlying transgressive system tract,that is conducive for the migration of uranium-bearing oxygen water.The organic matter and pyrite in the fan delta sand body,as well as the dark mudstone in the distributary bay,provided a reducing medium for uranium mineralization.The ore body mainly occurs in the distributary channel,underwater distributary channel or the mouth bar of the fan delta.As a result of the moderate thickness,high permeability,favorable barrier and rich reducing medium,the rich ore body mainly occurs in the underwater distributary channel and mouth bar sand body of the delta front.Based on study of the sequence stratigraphy,the model of the sequence,sedimentation and mineralization of the uranium deposit is established,which enriches uranium metallogenic theory and provides a reference for exploration of the same type of uranium deposits.  相似文献   

伟晶质岩浆的同化混染与分离结晶(AFC)作用及铀成矿效应:以纳米比亚湖山铀矿为例     

黄冉笑  王果胜  袁国礼  邱坤峰  Hounkpe Jechonias BIDOSSESSI 《地学前缘》2022,29(1):377-402

纳米比亚湖山铀矿位于达马拉造山带的中央南部地区,工业铀矿物为晶质铀矿,属于伟晶岩型铀矿床。关于不同矿石中铀元素的富集与沉淀机制还存在一定争议。为了揭示伟晶质岩浆演化与铀矿化作用的关系,本文对矿区内不同矿物组成的伟晶岩型矿石开展了岩石和矿物地球化学研究。野外及镜下鉴定结果显示,矿化伟晶岩可以分为“简单类型”矿体和“复杂类型”矿体。前者具有正常的花岗伟晶结构,晶质铀矿均匀分布于造岩矿物之间,矿化程度低到中等;后者表现出非均匀的结构特征,且矿化程度极高,晶质铀矿在成因上与大量黑云母团块有明显的空间联系。地球化学研究表明:在“简单类型”伟晶岩中,铀元素主要通过伟晶质岩浆的分离结晶作用富集;“复杂类型”伟晶质岩浆的演化则明显受控于同化混染作用,其铀矿化为岩浆同化混染与分离结晶(assimilation-fractional crystallization,AFC)作用产物。具体而言,外来基性组分(FeO,MgO,TiO₂,MnO)的混入导致“复杂类型”熔体中矿物的结晶顺序发生改变,长石类矿物的“延后”结晶为黑云母提供了更加有利的结晶空间和条件,促使黑云母以团块状聚集的形式产出。黑云母的大量析出会引发残余岩浆中UF_m^4-m络合物的水解,导致晶质铀矿在团块黑云母内部或周围沉淀。因此,本文有关“简单类型”和“复杂类型”产铀伟晶岩的研究,有效地揭示了岩浆演化过程与铀矿化机制,丰富了伟晶岩型铀矿床理论,为后期勘查开发提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

U-Pb Zircon and Re-Os Molybdenite Geochronology of theW-Mo Mineralized Region of South Qinling,China, andtheir Tectonic Implications     

HAN Ke  YANG Xingke  CHAO Huixi  HE Hujun  RUAN Shiqi  GAO Yunfeng  ZHANG Weisheng  ZHU Wei  JIN Gang 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(2):500-516

A W-Mo mineralized region is located along the northern margin of the South Qinling tectonic belt of China. WMo mineralization occurs mainly in Cambrian–Ordovician clastic and carbonate rocks, and the ore bodies are structurally controlled by NW–SE-and NNE–SSW-striking faults. Evidence for magmatism in the area is widespread and is dominated by intermediate–felsic intrusives or apophyses, such as the Dongjiangkou, Yanzhiba, Lanbandeng, and Sihaiping granitic bodies. Quartz-vein-type mineralization and fault-controlled skarn-type mineralization dominate the ore systems, with additional enrichment in residual deposits. At present, there are few or insufficient studies on(1) the age of mineralization,(2) the relationship between intermediate–felsic granite and W-Mo mineralization,(3) the source of ore-forming materials,and(4) the metallogenic and tectonic setting of the mineralized area. In this paper, we present geochronology results for numerous intrusive granitic bodies in the South Qinling tectonic belt. U-Pb zircon geochronology of the Lanbandeng monzogranite and Wangjiaping biotite monzogranite yields ages of 222.7 ± 2.3 and 201.9 ± 1.8 Ma, respectively. In contrast to the Late Triassic age of the Lanbandeng monzogranite, the age of the newly discovered Wangjiaping biotite monzogranite places it at the Triassic–Jurassic boundary. Re-Os molybdenite geochronology on the Qipangou W-Mo deposit yielded a model age of 199.7 ± 3.9 Ma, indicating the deposit formed in the early Yanshanian period of the Early Jurassic. Granitoid intrusions in the mineralized area are characterized by composite granite bodies that crystallized at ca.240–190 Ma. While there were multiple stages of intrusion, most occurred at 210–220 Ma, with waning magmatic activity at 200–190 Ma. The Re-Os age of molybdenite in the region is ca. 200–190 Ma, which may represent a newly discovered period of W-Mo metallogenesis that occurred during the final stages of magmatism. The heat associated with this magmatism drove ore formation and might have provided additional ore-forming components for metallogenesis(represented by the Wangjiaping biotite monzogranite). Ore materials in the mineralized area were derived from mixed crustal and mantle sources. Enrichment of the region occurred during intracontinental orogenesis in the late Indosinian–Yanshanian, subsequent to the main Indosinian collision. At this time, the tectonic environment was dominated by extension and strike-slip motion.  相似文献   

Geology and Mineral Chemistry of Uranium- and Thorium-bearing Minerals in Rare-Metal (NYF) Pegmatites of Um Solimate,South Eastern Desert,Egypt     

Mohamed A. ALI  Ahmed E. ABDEL GAWAD  Mohamed M. GHONEIM 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(5):1568-1582

The garnet muscovite granitic pegmatite of Um Solimate, in southern Egypt, represents a promising asset for strategic and economic metals, especially Bi–Ni–Ag–Nb–Ta as well as U and Th. The ore bodies occur as large masses, pockets and/or veins of very coarse-grained pegmatites, which consist mainly of K-feldspar, quartz and albite with subordinate muscovite, garnet, and biotite. Radiometric data revealed that eU- and eTh-contents of the pegmatites reach up to 39 ppm and 82 ppm, respectively. The studied pegmatites are enriched in primary U and Th minerals (uraninite, coffinite, thorianite and uranothorite) as well as Hf-rich zircon and monazite, which give rise to anomalous radioactive zones. Niobium-tantalium-bearing minerals (i.e. ferrocolumbite, microlite and uranopyrochlore), xenotime, barite, galena, fluorite, and apatite are ubiquitous, and, consequently, the studied pegmatites belong tothe Niobium–Yttrium–Fluorine-type (NYF) family. The noble metal mineralization includes argentite (Ag2S), native Ni and Bi as well as bismite and bismoclite. In addition, beryl and tourmaline are observed in pegmatites near the contact with metasediments and ultramafic bodies. The observed compositional variations of Ta/(Ta+Nb) and Mn/(Mn+Fe) ratios in columbite (0.08–0.45 and 0.11–0.57, respectively) and Hf contents in zircon (3.54–6.46 wt%) may reflectan extreme degree of magmatic fractionation leading to formation of the pegmatite orebody.  相似文献   

贵州三都排正金矿床成矿元素赋存规律及成矿潜力评价          下载免费PDF全文

姜伟  令狐东  宫学智 《地质找矿论丛》2021,36(2):152-158

贵州三都—丹寨Hg-Au-Sb成矿带大地构造位于扬子克拉通黔南台陷与华南褶皱带西缘交界处,成矿带内断裂构造极其复杂,矿体延伸、展布明显受构造控制。排正金矿床位于该成矿带中南段,对其成矿有利靶区进行成矿元素地球化学样品分析,探讨成矿元素相关性和赋存状态,反演成矿机制。分析结果显示:(1)矿石中Au元素与As、Pb+Zn、Hg元素均具有正相关性,与Mo元素相关性不强;As元素与Hg、Pb+Zn、Mo元素均具有正相关性,表明矿床内载金矿物主要为毒砂。(2)该金矿床成矿物质主要来源于深部高温含矿岩浆热液,在热液沿构造断裂上移过程中萃取古老地层中成矿元素,As离子作为活化剂,在还原环境下富集成矿。(3)排正金矿床为一处以Au、Pb、Zn金属元素为主的多金属矿床,应加大对伴生Hg、Mo等金属元素的含矿性评价。  相似文献   

燕辽东段侏罗、白垩纪构造转变期古地理和古环境的初步分析     

李晓波  张艳  仝亚博 《地学前缘》2021,28(2):391-411

自中、晚侏罗世之交至早白垩世早期,中国东部发生了构造格局和古地理环境的巨大转变。对这一时期燕辽东段古地理和古环境的部分问题进行了多学科整合分析,初步认识如下:中侏罗世开始增强的板块汇聚造成中、晚侏罗世亚洲东部地壳增厚和地势升高,古太平洋伊泽纳崎板块持续俯冲引起深部岩浆上涌、地壳减薄和多期伸展裂陷,同时东亚洋陆过渡带形成一系列逃逸构造,上述构造演化导致燕辽地区在晚侏罗世至早白垩世中期形成高山和盆岭地貌。早白垩世137~131 Ma,嫩江—八里罕断裂至喀喇沁变质核杂岩延伸线两侧出现东高西低的地貌差异,相对下降的冀北—大兴安岭火山-地堑带地层中赋存热河生物群早期化石组合,而辽西—松辽地区为相对隆升的构造高地。130~110 Ma时期裂陷作用扩展,热河生物群中、晚期组合向周围扩散。热河生物群生存时期总体为以干冷为主的温带大陆性气候,这与中生代中国东部高原的潜在环境效应并不矛盾。全球气候演化和区域构造古地理条件共同导致燕辽地区自晚侏罗世至早白垩世的干旱化和寒冷化,并影响到中、晚侏罗世燕辽生物群和早白垩世热河生物群之间的生态群进化演替。  相似文献